Your Medication and the Heat Wave: Stay Safe with These Sun-Smart Tips

Your skin is your body’s first line of defense as it shields you from irritants, infections and injuries. However, some of your medications may make your skin more sensitive to the sun, increasing your risk of burns and irritation. As you begin spending more time outdoors in the sun, it is important to know which medications can cause sun sensitivity and what you can do to protect your skin from sun damage.

Medications That Increase Sun Sensitivity

There are some prescription and over-the-counter medications that have been shown to make your skin more sensitive to the sun. Here are the most common medications that increase sun sensitivity:

• Antibiotics: Some antibiotics can make your skin highly sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) rays.
• Diuretics (water pills): Used to treat high blood pressure and swelling, these medications can make your skin more prone to sunburn.
• Antidepressants: Certain antidepressants can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight.
• Heart medications: Some heart medications can increase your risk of sunburn and skin damage.
• Diabetes medications: Certain diabetes medications can lead to increased sun sensitivity.
• Over-the-counter medications: Some common pain relievers and allergy medications can also make you more vulnerable to sunburn.

If you are taking any of the medications above, it is important to take extra precautions when going out in the sun. If you have any questions concerning whether your medication may cause sun sensitivity, you should talk with your primary care doctor, advanced practice provider* (APP) or pharmacist.

Protecting your skin from the sun

Sunscreen serves as your first line of defense against the harmful effects of the sun, and it is especially important if you are taking any medications that heighten your skin’s sensitivity to light or the sun.

If you fall into this category, choosing the right sunscreen isn’t just about grabbing any sunscreen off the shelf. You need to look for sunscreen with broad-spectrum protection, one that shields against both UVA and UVB rays, and has an SPF of at least 30. If you take medications that make you more prone to burns or rashes, a specialty sunscreen with physical blockers like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide might be better suited for your needs. Below is information to help you choose the right sunscreen for you.

Chemical vs. physical (mineral) sunscreen

There are two main types of sunscreens: chemical and physical (mineral). Both are effective but work differently. Which one to choose will depend on your skin type and personal preference. However, if you have sensitive skin, a mineral sunscreen may be a better option.

Chemical Sunscreens: contain ingredients like avobenzone, octinoxate, and oxybenzone, which absorb the UV rays so your skin does not absorb them.

• Pros:
  • Lightweight and easy to apply
  • Absorbs quickly into the skin
  • Often more water-resistant
• Cons:
  • May cause skin irritation or allergies.
  • Some ingredients may also be linked to environmental concerns (like coral reef damage).

Physical (mineral) Sunscreens: These contain zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, which sit on top of the skin and reflect UV rays away from your skin.

• Pros:
  • Less likely to cause irritation or allergic reactions
  • Effective immediately after application
  • Safer for sensitive skin and young children
• Cons:
  • Can leave a white cast on the skin
  • May feel heavier or thicker

Here are a few other things to consider when choosing the right sunscreen for you.

• Broad-spectrum protection: Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen to protect against both UVA (which causes aging and skin damage) and UVB (which causes sunburn). Both types of UV rays contribute to skin cancer, so it’s important to block them effectively.
  
  
• SPF 30 or higher: SPF (Sun Protection Factor) measures how well sunscreen protects against UVB rays. Dermatologists recommend using at least SPF 30, which blocks about 97% of UVB rays. SPF 50 offers slightly more protection (about 98%), but no sunscreen blocks 100% of UV rays.
  
  
• Water resistant: If you plan to swim or sweat, choose a water-resistant sunscreen. Keep in mind that no sunscreen is fully waterproof, so reapply every two hours and immediately after swimming or sweating.

If you have questions about which sunscreen is right for you, talk to a pharmacist or reach out to your doctor or APP. They can help guide you in making the right decision based on your needs and condition.

Protect your skin beyond sunscreen

While sunscreen is an essential tool, it’s not the only way to protect your skin. Here are additional steps you can take to minimize UV damage:

• Apply sunscreen generously and reapply every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating.
• Avoid sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when UV rays are strongest.
• Wear protective clothing, such as wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses and long-sleeved shirts.
• Seek shade whenever possible, whether under a tree, an umbrella or a sun shelter.
• Stay hydrated, as sun exposure can lead to dehydration.
• Monitor your skin regularly for new moles, sunburns or unusual skin changes. If anything seems concerning, make an appointment to see your doctor or APP.

The sun is good for our well-being, but as with everything too much exposure can be harmful. By knowing how your medications affect your skin, choosing the right sunscreen, and taking extra precautions, you can enjoy outdoor activities while keeping both you and your skin healthy and protected.

*An advanced practice provider includes a nurse practitioner or physician assistant.